As much as employment is largely concentrated in Gauteng, unemployment remains a critical developmental challenge. The figure below traces total employment, total unemployment, and the unemployment rate in the province over the last ten years, according to StatsSA’s Labour Force Survey. By the end of the second quarter (July) of 2010, Gauteng’s unemployment rate had risen to 27% from 21% at the end of the fourth quarter of 2008. In a nutshell, during this period Gauteng’s unemployment rate increased by 6%, with almost 400 000 jobs lost between the end of 2008 and mid 2010.